Youssef+Disability+Research

Youssef El Sheikh


 * Down Syndrome **

Down syndrome is a genetic condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. In most cases, Down syndrome occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. This form of Down syndrome is called Trisomy 21. The extra chromosome causes problems with the way the body and brain develop. Down syndrome symptoms vary from person to person and can range from mild to severe. However, children with Down syndrome have a widely recognized appearance. The head may be smaller than normal and abnormally shaped. For example, the head may be round with a flat area on the back. The inner corner of the eyes may be rounded instead of pointed. Other symptoms include:
 * Decreased muscle tone at birth
 * Excess skin at the nape of the neck
 * Flattened nose
 * Separated joints between the bones of the skull
 * Single crease in the palm of the hand
 * Small ears
 * Small mouth
 * Upward slanting eyes
 * Wide, short hands with short fingers
 * White spots on the colored part of the eye
 * Physical development is also often slower than normal. Most children with Down syndrome never reach their average adult height.

As for treatment, there is no specific treatment for this disability however this disability often accompanies heart conditions, which may require surgery. People with this disability might need to attend special schools that tend to their specific needs and abilities.